Safari's cache management is integrated into the iOS system settings rather than inside the Safari app itself.

Open the Settings app on your iPhone.
Scroll down and tap Safari (on modern iOS versions, you can also locate it under Settings > Apps > Safari).
Scroll down to the History and Website Data section and tap Clear History and Website Data.
Select your desired timeframe (Last hour, Today, Today and yesterday, or All history).
Choose whether to toggle Close All Tabs on or off.
Tap the red Clear History button to confirm.
Verification: The "Clear History and Website Data" text will turn grey or light blue, confirming that cached files, search history, and cookies have been purged.
If you want to free up storage or resolve website loading glitches without wiping your saved search and page visit history, you can clear only the cached website data.

Open Settings > Safari (or Settings > General > iPhone Storage > Safari).
Scroll all the way to the bottom and tap Advanced.
Tap Website Data at the top of the Advanced menu.
Wait a few seconds for iOS to calculate the storage footprint of each website.
Scroll to the bottom and tap Remove All Website Data, then tap Remove Now to confirm.
Tip: To remove cache for a single problematic website, swipe left on its name and tap Delete.
Verification: The list will clear or reset to 0 KB, leaving your bookmark list and URL visit history intact.
Unlike Safari, third-party browsers like Google Chrome handle cache clearing directly inside the app.
Open the Chrome app on your iPhone.
Tap the three horizontal dots (...) located in the bottom-right corner.
Tap Clear Browsing Data (or go to Settings > Privacy and Security > Clear Browsing Data).
Set the Time Range to All Time.
Ensure Cached Images and Files and Cookies, Site Data are checked.
Note: You can uncheck Browsing History and Saved Passwords if you want to keep them.
Tap Clear Browsing Data at the bottom, then confirm the prompt.
Verification: Return to Chrome and reload your active tabs; websites will pull fresh server copies instead of cached versions.